Key-device-transfer means for concrete structures.



. WEAKLEY. KEY DEVICE TRANSFER MEANS FOR CON CRETE STRUCTURES.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. v

Patented Feb. 18, 1913.

2 SHEETS-"SHEET 2.

Jieveuiar "barren snares PATENT OFFICE.

RAYMOND D. WEAKLEY, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, ASSIGNQR OF FIFTY-ONE ONE- HUNDREDTHS TO EDWIN W. GROVE, OF .ST; LOUIS, MISSOURI.

xnv-nnvicm'rmiusrna MEANS son CONCRETE STRUCTURES.

To all whom e't may concern:

Be it known that I, RAYMOND D. WEAK- Lnv, a citizen. of the United States, residing at St. Louis, in the State ofMissouri, have invented new and useful Improvements in Kcy-Device-Transfer Means for Concrete Structures, of which the followin is a specification.

This invention relates to transfer means in sheet term for use in casting concrete structures, such as ceilings, and operative to introduce in the latter at regular intervals a plurality of key wires which are partially suspended from the concrete structures to produce a key base for positively holding a plaster coating or finishing covering of plastic material. I

in its broadest aspect the invention contemplates a transfer sheet having any suri'a contour or formation and embodying a plurality of key wire devices which are positively held therein and disposable as a whole in or on a casting means for con crete material and adapted to transfer the key wire devices to the concrete material in such manner as to cause the devices to be partially suspended from the concrete material when the remaining parts of the transfer sheet are removed.

The preferred form of the transfer sheet embodies a corrugated surface which produces a corresponding impression in the concrete material placed upon the sheet for casting purposes in the formation of ceilings and the key devices are applied to the transt'er sheet relatively to. the corrugated surf to thereof in diilerent ways and may be varied in form, as will be. hereinafter explained.

il hen a contractor has erect-ed his form on which to pour concrete fioors it is the practice at present to use a high grade of lumber at a considerable expense, and one of the essential advantages of the in'iprovcd transfer sheet is that a much interim grade oi lumber at a n'iaterially less cost may he used in forming floors of concrete material. The use oi? this inferior grade of lumber having knot holes and imperfect edgesas a sheatl iin or molding base would not be permissil'ile in punsuing the present methods of concrete floor construction as theconcrete \-.()1ll(l leak through the sheathing or base, whereas when the tr-ansier means or sheet: embodying the features of the in- Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed February 9, 1912.

Patented Feb. 18, 1913. Serial No. 676,569.

that there will be no leakage of the concrete.

.A further advantage of the improved transfer means or sheet is the facility and positiveness of introduction thereby of key devices in concrete structures at the time that the latter are formed in a building and without requiring an expensive .1 procedure.

In the accompanying drawings a preferred embodiment of the invention is illus 'trated in various forms, and the sheet is shown as provided with a corrugated surface which gives the best results in a ceiling formation, but it will be understood that the invention is not limited to a corrugated sheet,'as it is possible to use a sheet having a plain surface with the key devices associated in the same manner therewith.

Inthe drawings: Figure 1 is a perspective view of a portion of a transfer means or sheet embodying one form of the invention. Fig. '2 is a sectional view showing the manner of applying the sheet to the sheathing and depositing thereon the concrete material and particularly illustrating the position of the key 'means or device relatively to the concrete material. Fig. 3 is a sectionaLview showing the concrete material having the key device partially embedded therein and the sheatl'iing or molding baseas well as the sheet of the transfer means-removed Fig. t is a sectional view of the concrete material and plaster covering or finishing coat and illustrating the manner in which the latter is held by the key device in positive relation to the concrete material. Fig. 5 .is a bottom plan view, partially broken away, of a portion of the transfer means or sheet Sl'lOXVlIIQ' a modification in the arrangement of the key devices. Figs. 6 and 7 illustrate sections at difi'erent angles through the concrete material and showing a further modification oi the key device. Fig. 8 is a bottom plan view of a portion of the transfer means or sheet showing a still further n'lodification in the application of the key device thereto. Fig. 9 is a sectional view of a portion of the concrete material showing the key device applied thereto by the use 01: the transfer means or sheet shown by Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is a detail sec: tional view showing a modification of the corrugation organization andwherein the corrugations of the transfer sheet "and concrete structiu'e are illustrated as being undercut.

The transfer means as shown by Figs. 1 and 2 embodies a backing sheet 5 and a surface or molding sheet (5 having a plurality of corrugations 7 extending thereacross in regular order or sequence. The key devices each consists of a strand of steel wire as at 8, the wire bein of suitable gage anduhaving atregular lntervals therein ppwardly projecting loops 9 which extend above the corrugations 7, the wire strand being threaded through the corrugated surface or molding sheet 6 at regular intervals and the loops 9 formed between the points where the Wire strand is threaded through the sheet 6. After the wire strands 8 and their loops 9 have been associated with the surface or molding sheet 6, as shown by Fig. 1, the backing sheet 5 is supplied with an adhering substance, such as glue, and pasted to the under side or back of the said surface -or molding sheet to maintain the wire strand'sin close association with the said surface sheet. The surface or molding sheet 6 is composed of a paper having suitable rigidity to maintain its corrugated shape, and though it is not absolutely necessary the paper used for forming the surface sheet as well as the backing may be waterproof, or treated to render the same impervious to water, and in solne instances the paper may be treated in such manner as to render the same fire-proof. Ordinary glue has also been found by experiment to answer the requirements of an adhering substance between the sheets 5 and 6, but in some instances it is proposed to use hot asphalt as the binding material for the twosheets. It has also been found that the concrete will work in perfect harmony with the paper of'which the transfer means or sheet is composed, and will not crush the paper,

as the air cushions below each corrugation and the strong arch of each corrugation will prevent the concrete from crushing or misshaping the corrugations. The object in putting the strands of wire or key'devices between the sheets of paper as hereinbefore explained is to prevent separation ofv the same from the paper by foolishly inquisitive persons, and, further, by having the wires between the two sheets there is less resistance offered when pulling the paper off and requiring the wires to tear through only one sheet after the transfer of the key devices to the concrete material has been accomplished and which operation will be more fully hereinafter explained.

The transfer means will be furnished in strips of considerable length and width and may be rolled without injury to the key devices carried thereby, the wire. key devices lying flat when the shee'i is rolled and standing more or less erect when the sheet is straightened out. When a large quantity of this paper is rolled the round edges or semicircular contour of the loops 9 will not injure or damage the succeeding layers of the paper, and, furthermore, the wire strands or key devices will not slip between the sheets because the loops will take up the expansion or contraction of the wires as the paper is bent either one way or the other. In other words, if the sheet with the corrugations, or the molding sheet (3, is bent toward the center, the wire loops contract, and if bent in an outward direction the said loops expand, and this self-adjustment ot' the loops, togetl'ier with the arrangement of the strands as specified, especially in long rolls of paper, will insure prevention of displacement of the wires.

in the form of the transfer means or sheet as shown by F ig. 1, the wire strands 8 are arranged in parallel relation and extend transversely with relation to the corrugations 7.

In Fig. 5 the arrangement of the strands is slightly modified and between the loops 9 the strands are bent or corrugated, as at 10, the reniail'ling features of the sheet being similar in construction to the sheet shown by Fig. 1.

' In the; form shown by Figs. (3 and 7 the wire strands 11 are straight 'and without the loops 9, and engaging the same at regular intervals are independent wire'ties 12 which are threaded through the sheets 5 and (3 and looped over the wire strands 11, the ends or extremities 13 of the ties being twisted together and the ends diverged.

In the form of the transfer means or sheet as shown by Fig. 8, the wire strand 14 is threaded through openings 15 in the corru gations of the surface or molding sheet 6 and are provided with loops 10 at" intervals in all respects similar to the loops f). In this form of the transfer means or shoot it is unnecessary to use the backing sheet It will therefore be observed that it unnecessary to always use the backing sheet 5 or to insert the wire strands between two paper layers, and in some instances the wire strands may be applied to the outside of the backing sheet, the latter then sm'ving to re inforce the. sin-face. or molding sheet (3.

From the foregoing it will be seen that in the association of the wire strands with the corrugated surface or molding sheet 6 it is intended that the said strands be applied thereto in any suitable manner, with suiticient resistance to displacement. as to render the transfer means or sheet commercially practicable or to 'produce a carrying mediumfor the wire strands or key devices that will retain the latter in desired association until they become a part of the concrete structure ,i'o provide key means having an effective operation 111 holding a plaster coating or finishing covering on the concrete structure or ceiling, for instance, after the latter has hardened.

In the use of thetransfer means or sheets as shown by ll igs. 1 and 5, a number of the sheets are laid on the sheathing or molding base 17, the edges of the sheets being overlapped for a suitable distance, and after the transfer means or sheets are so disposed the concrete material usually composed of crushed stone or gravel, sand, cement and water, is poured on the transfer sheet to any thickness desired or that may be necessary. The concrete material is then left to set or harden for" a certain length of time, say

about three or four weeks. During this hardening process the Water or moisture gravitates to the bottom of the concrete me.- terial and carries With it the sand and cement, and these ingredients cast themselves perfectly to the form of the corrugations 7 and completely surround the loops 9 that project upwardly above the corrugations. At the end of the time required for the concrete to harden, the sheathing or molding base 17 is removed and the. paper will be found to be damp and in such condition that it may be readily removed and the operator tears the same of? the hardened concrete and leaves the Wire strands and their loops or key devices associated with the con- 'erete or the 100 s 9 embedded in the concrete and the wires between the loops held 85 below the corrugations 18 formed in the lower side of the concrete material, as

shown by 3. The same operation will be pursued in applying the arrangement of the key devices as shown by Figs; 6 and 7,

and in this instance the wire strands 11' will be held suspended close to the cement or concrete structure by the ties 12 which are projected upwardly into the .concrete material as shown,

by Fig.8, the same operation will ensue but the result in this instance is slightly different, asthe wire strands 14 extend through the corrugations formed in the concrete material, as ext-19.

Asshown by Fig. 10, the corrugations 21 in the transfer sheet are undercut as 'at 22, and the molded corrugations of the concrete structure will be thereby correspondingly shaped with material advantage in retaining the plaster coverin thereon In all of the forms t e wire strands after their association with the concrete material provide key devices over the corrugated surface o'fsaid material and when the-plaster coating or finishing covering 20, as shown by Fig. 4, is applied to the corrugated surface of the concrete material it will fill into the corrugations and also around the wire strands and be positively held between the In applying the organization as illustrated latter and the corrugated surface of the concrete n'iaterial and become effectively keyed, and though the said coating or finishing covering under most unusual conditions becomes cracked and separated in parts, it will be prcventei'l from falling and may be easily repaired.

The improved trai'isfer means or sheet in The particular mode of applying the keys in the transfer sheet is not essential so far as the scope of this invention is concerned, but it'will be understood that the said keys may be inserted by the use of a machine adapted for the purpose or particularly constructed to dispose the keys in the manner hereinbefore set forth.

lVhat' is claimed is: i

l. A transfer means or sheet for dispos ing key devices in concrete structures, consisting of ,a flexible sheet having key devices partially-inclosed by and positively held associated therewith adapted to be ap plied to concrete material, the sheet being separated from the key devices after the latter are engaged by the concrete material.

2. A transfer means or sheet for disposing key devices and forming key-Ways in concrete structures, consisting in? a flexible corrugated sheet having wire key devices extending transversely with relation to and secured against the corrugations and partially incloscd by and positively held on the sheet.

3. A. flexible molding sheet for concrete structures, provided with a plurality of key devices having securing means engaging the shectfthe sheet being of a material which will permit it to be torn away from the key devices toleavc the latter intact with the concretestructure.

. 4. A flexible molding sheet for forming key-ways and disposing key devices in concrete structures, provided with a plurality of corrugations, and wire. key devices separably secured to the said sheet and extending over the corrugations.

A flexible molding sheet-for forming key-ways and disposing key devices in concrete structures, consisting of a flexible corrugated sheet of paper, and wire key devices securedto the said sheet and extending over the corrugations, the corrugated. sheet being separable from the key devices when in damp condition.

('3. A flexible molding sheet for concrete iia &

structures,' consisting of a corrugated sheet of paper, a plurality of Wire key devices having portions engaging the corrugated sheet, anda backing sheet of paper applied against the corrugated sheet over the Wire key devices.

7. A flexible molding sheet for forming key-ways and disposing key devices in concrete structures provided with a plurality of corrugations, and wire key devices separebly secured to the said sheet and extending over the corrugations and having portions projecting through the said sheet.

8. A flexible molding sheet for concrete structures provided with a plurality of corrugations, and Wire key devices comprising loops extending through the sheet and strands secured agrnnst and extending over the corrugations.

9. A flexible molding sheet for concrete 20 RAYMOND D. WEAKLEY.

Witnesses;

CnAs. S. HYER, F. B. KEEFER. 

